ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the long-term preservation value and repair effect of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) on clinically discarded kidneys.Methods:A case of clinical discarded donor kidney was collected, and NMP was carried out in vitro for 9 hours with recovered blood. The dynamic changes of renal appearance, blood gas and biochemistry analysis of perfusate and renal pathology were recorded. Results:In the second to fifth hour of NMP, the appearance of renal was pink and ex vivo normothermic perfusion assessment score (EVNP) was grade Ⅰ. While, the sixth hour and beyond of NMP, the appearance of kidney turned to dark red and EVNP was grade Ⅲ. The renal perfusion blood flow maintained above 150 ml/min in the first 6 hours and decreased significantly after that, and at the end, was only 50 ml/min. During the whole process of perfusion, urine output was maintained at about 100 ml/h. PO 2 remained above 100 mmHg in the first 5 hours of perfusion and from the 6th hour, was lower than 80 mmHg and continued to decline, and was close to 0 at the end of perfusion. The results showed that although the K + concentration changes in blood and urine in the first 5 hours of NMP had a good consistency, the lactic acid level had been rising. In addition, there was no significant change in the histopathology at the fourth hour of perfusion compared with that before zero-point puncture, and the fibrinous thrombus in glomeruli was improved compared with that before perfusion. However, at the sixth hour after perfusion and before the end of perfusion, the pathological changes of renal tissue were significantly worse. There were a large of thrombosis in glomerular blood vessels, renal tubular atrophy and acute tubular necrosis. Conclusions:NMP can realize the evaluation of extended criteria donors before transplantation, and it proves the feasibility and repair potential of NMP in kidney to a certain extent. At the same time, NMP also provides a new way to expand the source of donor kidney and to pre-treat organ in vitro.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Brazil, like most countries in the world, experiences the expansion of extended criteria donors, mainly due to the aging of the population and the obesity epidemic. Concerns regarding the quality of these organs along with the vast territorial areas of the country compromise the utilization rate of livers from donors and aggravate the discrepancy between the number of liver transplants performed and the needed. Ex situ liver machine perfusion offers superior preservation for livers from extended criteria donors, limiting cold ischaemia time and offering the possibility of evaluation of their function before transplantation as well as the reconditioning of marginal organs. Objections such as the financial cost, difficulty in transporting the device between hospitals, and demand of trained professionals in the handling of the device must be pondered with the possibility of increasing the number of transplants and the utilisation rate of donor organs. The optimal use of this resource, through the careful selection of donors and the appropriate technical and scientific knowledge, can ensure an effective and successful implementation of this technology.
RESUMO O Brasil, como a grande parte dos países no mundo, convive com a expansão de doadores de órgãos de critério estendido, principalmente devido ao envelhecimento da população e à epidemia de obesidade. Dúvidas em relação à qualidade desses órgãos juntamente com as longas extensões territoriais do país comprometem a taxa de utilização de fígados de doadores e agravam a discrepância entre o número de transplantes hepáticos realizados e o necessário. A máquina de perfusão hepática oxigenada ex situ oferece preservação superior para fígados de doadores de critério estendido, limitando o tempo de isquemia fria e oferecendo a possibilidade de avaliação da função antes do transplante bem como o recondicionamento de órgãos de qualidade limítrofe. Objeções como o custo financeiro, dificuldade de transporte do dispositivo entre hospitais e a demanda de profissionais treinados para o manuseio devem ser apreciadas diante da possibilidade do aumento do número de transplantes e a maior taxa de utilização de órgãos de doadores. A otimização na utilização desse recurso, por meio da seleção cuidadosa de doadores, e o conhecimento técnico-científico adequado podem garantir a implementação eficaz e bem sucedida dessa tecnologia.